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Analysis and assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface water and sediments: a case study from LuanRiver, Northern China

Zhaoming WANG,Ranhao SUN,Haiping ZHANG,Liding CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 240-249 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0646-0

摘要： Concentrations of the heavy metals Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cr were examined in surface water and sediment from the Luan River inChina,. With a decline in Cu and Ni concentration found in surface water at downstream stations. This finding suggests that water currents are a major explanatory factor in heavy metal contamination. The abundance of Cr, Pb, and Cd observed in the middle reaches of the river indicates heavy metal contamination in local areas, although there was an obvious decrease in concentrations in the water downstream of the Daheiting Reservoir. The significant rising trend in Cu, Pb, and Ni seen the sediment farther away from the river also suggests that anthropogenic activities contribute to heavy metal pollution Sediments were therefore used as environmental indicators, with sediment assessment was conducted using the geo-accumulation index ( ) and the potential ecological risk index ( ). The values revealed that Cd (3.13) and Cr (2.39) had accumulated significantly in the Luan River. The values for most (89%) of the sampling stations were higher than 300, suggesting that sediment from the Luan River poses a severe ecological risk, with the potential ecological risks downstream higher than that in the upper and middle streams. Good correlations among Pb/Ni, Pb/Cd, Cu/Pb, and Cu/Cd in the water and Cr/Ni in the sediment were observed. Cluster analysis suggested that Cd may have various origins, being derived from anthropogenic sources.

关键词： heavy metal     water     sediment     geo-accumulation index     Luan River    

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南京长江第四大桥猫道结构设计与施工

栾昌花,沈斌

《中国工程科学》 2013年 第15卷 第8期   页码 48-53

摘要：

南京长江第四大桥为主跨1 418 m的双塔三跨吊悬索桥，上部结构施工猫道采用无抗风缆和无抑振机构的三跨连续式猫道结构。本文对南京长江第四大桥猫道结构设计、架设及猫道改吊与拆除施工进行了系统介绍，可为类似悬索桥猫道设计及施工提供借鉴与参考。

关键词： 南京长江第四大桥     猫道设计     猫道架设     猫道改吊     猫道拆除    

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Speciation evolutions of target metals (Cd, Pb) influenced by chlorine and sulfur during sewage sludge incineration

Jingde LUAN,Rundong LI,Zhihui ZHANG,Yanlong LI,Yun ZHAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第6期   页码 871-876 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0621-1

摘要： In sludge incineration, the thermal behavior of heavy metal is a growing concern. In this work, the combined analysis of metal partitioning behavior between vapor phase and condensed phase, speciation redistribution in condensed phase and the difference of metal species in binding energy was carried out to investigate the possible volatilization-condensation mechanism of heavy metals in high-temperature sludge incineration. It was found that there were two steps in metal volatilization. The initial volatilization of heavy metal originated from their exchangeable (EXC), carbonate bound (CAR) and iron–manganese bound (FM) fractions, which is primarily composed of simple substance, chlorides, oxides and sulfides. With the increase of chlorine and sulfur in sludge, the inner speciation redistribution of heavy metals occurred in condensed phase, which was an important factor affecting the potential volatility of heavy metals. A partial of metal species with complexed (COM) and residual (RES) fractions gradually decomposed into simple substance or ions, oxides and carbonates, which significantly strengthened the second volatility. In presence of chlorine, about 46% of Cd with the RES fraction disappeared when the volatility rate of Cd increased by 44.89%. Moreover, about 9% of Pb with COM fraction disappeared when there was an increase of nearly 10% in the volatilization rate. Thus, the second volatilization was mainly controlled by the decomposition of metal species with COM and RES fractions. By virtue of XRD analysis and the binding energy calculation, it was found that metal complex and silicates were inclined to decompose under high temperature due to poor thermo stability as compared with sulfates.

关键词： sludge incineration     heavy metals     inner speciation redistribution     binding energy    

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Flexible liquid metal coil prepared for electromagnetic energy harvesting and wireless charging

Shen GUO, Peng WANG, Jichuan ZHANG, Wenpeng LUAN, Zishuo XIA, Lingxiao CAO, Zhizhu HE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 474-482 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0632-0

摘要： This paper reported a study on a flexible liquid metal coil (LMC) for electromagnetic collection from the transmission line for self-powered sensor and electromagnetic generation for wireless charging of cellular telephone. The room temperature liquid metal of Galinstan was perfused to elastic silicone tube, which is then terminated with gallium-plated copper wire. The as-prepared liquid metal wire can sustain stretching, twisting, and bending with large deformation, and has a good electrical contact stability with the external circuit. The LMC based magnetic energy harvester was then designed and demonstrated to collect the magnetic field energy induced by a wire carrying alternating current. The power of 260 mW was obtained for the wire carrying current of 10 A. The flexible toroidal inductor was fabricated and tested for magnetic energy harvesting. The flexible spiral-shaped LMC was also designed and demonstrated to power cellular telephone through wireless charging. The present study opens the way for further applications of elastic LMC in electromagnetic energy harvesting and charging.

关键词： liquid metal     Galinstan     flexible coil     electromagnetic energy harvesting     wireless charging    

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Computation model for corrosion resistance of nanocrystalline zircaloy-4

ZHANG Xiyan, ZHU Yutao, LIU Qing, LUAN Baifeng, HUANG Guangjie, LI Cong, ZHANG Xiyan, SHI Minghua, LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 386-389 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0102-6

摘要： A computation model of the corrosion rate versus grain size of nanocrystalline zircaloy-4 was presented. The influence of the second phase on the conductivity of alloy was considered. By this model, the corrosion rate of nanocrystalline zircaloy-4 at different temperature was calculated. The results show that the corrosion rate constant and weight gain of nanocrystalline zircaloy-4 decrease with the decrease of grain size, and that the corrosion weight gain of nanocrystalline zircaloy-4 is less than that of zircaloy-4 of coarse grain. The computational result is coincident with the experimental result.

关键词： corrosion     constant     corrosion weight     weight     influence    

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Multi-scale evaluation of river health in Liao River Basin, China

Fei XU, Yanwei ZHAO, Zhifeng YANG, Yuan ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 227-235 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0219-9

摘要： Previous studies on river health evaluation mainly focused on characterizations at a river-corridor scale and ignored the complex interactions between the river ecosystem and other components of the river basin. Based on the consideration of the interactions among rivers, associated river basin and habitats, an assessment framework with multi-scale indicators was developed. An index system divided among these three scales to characterize the health of river ecosystems in China’s Liao River Basin was established. Set pair analysis was applied to integrate the multi-scale indicators and determine the health classes. The evaluation results indicated that the rivers in the western and eastern zones of the Liao River were classified as sick, and rivers in the main stream of the Liao and Huntai rivers were classified as unhealthy. An excessive level of disturbances, such as large pollution loads and dense construction of water conservation projects within the river basin, were the main causes of the river health deterioration.

关键词： multi-scale characterization     river health evaluation     Liao River Basin     set pair analysis    

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通过介导相分离制备的纳米结构W-Cu基复合材料的性能 Article

侯超, 吕皓, 赵治, Xintao Huang, 韩铁龙, Junhua Luan, Zengbao Jiao, 宋晓艳, Zuoren Nie

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第26卷 第7期   页码 173-184 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.09.017

摘要：

The challenge of fabricating nanostructured W–Cu composites by powder metallurgy has been solved by means of modulated phase separation. A hierarchically nanostructured (HN) W–Cu composite was prepared using intermediary Al through sluggish asynchronous phase separation. In addition to a dual network composed of a Cu phase and the W–Cu nanostructure, dense Al-containing nanoprecipitates with a body-centered cubic (bcc) structure are distributed in the W matrix. Compared with a pristine W/Cu interface, the newly formed W/Cu interfaces modulated by Al and the coherent W/Al-containing particle interfaces possess lower energy and enhanced bonding strength due to efficient electron transfer and strong coupling interactions. With a large number of stable heterogeneous interfaces and a "self-locking" geometry, the HN W–Cu composite exhibits excellent resistance against plastic deformation. The combination of the presented composite's hardness and compressive strength outperforms all other sintered W–Cu composites with the same Cu content. Under a reciprocating sliding load, the reactive Al prevents excessive oxidation. The excellent synergy of the hardness and toughness of the friction-induced surface endows the HN composite with high abrasion resistance. This study provides a new strategy to modulate the structure and energy state of interfaces in metallic composites containing immiscible components in order to achieve high mechanical performance.

关键词： Immiscible-component composite     Phase separation     Nanostructure     Mechanical properties     Interface modulation    

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Spatial impacts of climate factors on regional agricultural and forestry biomass resources in north-eastern province of China

Wenyan Wang, Wei Ouyang, Fanghua Hao, Yun Luan, Bo Hu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0864-8

摘要： Dynamic analysis of biomass combined NPP modeling has been adopted. Temperature trends to warming and precipitation has periodic fluctuation. Regional distribution of agricultural and forestry biomass is mutual and divergent. Precipitation is significantly positive correlated with agricultural biomass. Temperature is negative on forestry biomass in Lesser Khingan & northern Changbai. Precipitation plays positive effect on biomass in southwestern Changbai Mountain. The dynamics of agricultural and forestry biomass are highly sensitive to climate change, particularly in high latitude regions. Heilongjiang Province was selected as research area in North-east China. We explored the trend of regional climate warming and distribution feature of biomass resources, and then analyzed on the spatial relationship between climate factors and biomass resources. Net primary productivity (NPP) is one of the key indicators of vegetation productivity, and was simulated as base data to calculate the distribution of agricultural and forestry biomass. The results show that temperatures rose by up to 0.37°C/10a from 1961 to 2013. Spatially, the variation of agricultural biomass per unit area changed from -1.93 to 5.85 t·km ·a during 2000–2013. More than 85% of farmland areas showed a positive relationship between agricultural biomass and precipitation. The results suggest that precipitation exerts an overwhelming climate influence on agricultural biomass. The mean density of forestry biomass varied from 10 to 30 t·km . Temperature had a significant negative effect on forestry biomass in Lesser Khingan and northern Changbai Mountain, because increased temperature leads to decreased Rubisco activity and increased respiration in these areas. Precipitation had a significant positive relationship with forestry biomass in south-western Changbai Mountain, because this area had a warmer climate and stress from insufficient precipitation may induce xylem cavitation. Understanding the effects of climate factors on regional biomass resources is of great significance in improving environmental management and promoting sustainable development of further biomass resource use.

关键词： Biomass resources     Net primary productivity (NPP)     Climate change     Heilongjiang Province     China     Climate     Energy systems/technology     Other sustainability (specify)     Statistical methods     GIS     Model flow     CFD    

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Multiple Pollutants from Crop and Livestock Production in the Yangtze River: Status and Challenges

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023511

摘要：

● Cash crops and livestock production in Yangtze River Basin has grown rapidly.

关键词： Agriculture Green Development     crop production     livestock production     multi-pollutant models     multiple pollutants     Yangtze River Basin    

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Integrated river basin management in rapidly urbanizing areas: a case of Shenzhen, China

Lei LIU, Xiaoming MA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 243-254 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0276-0

摘要： The rapid urbanization of China is causing a burden on their water resources and hindering their sustainable development. This paper analyzes effective methods to integrated river basin management (IRBM) using Longgang River basin of Shenzhen as an example, which is the city with the fastest rate of urbanization in China and even the whole world. Over the past 20 years, China has undergone a population boom due to the increase of immigrant workers and rapid development of labor-intensive industries, which led to the sharp increase of water consumption and sewage discharge. However, the construction of the water infrastructure is still lagging far behind the environmental and social development, with only 32.7% of sewage in the district being treated. Currently, every water quality indicator of the Longgang River basin was unable to meet the required corresponding environmental standards, which further aggravated the water shortages of the region. Thus, an analytical framework is proposed to address the IRBM of the study area. The problems with the current management system include the lack of decentralization in decision-making, lack of enforcement with redundant plans, weak management capacity, financial inadequacy, and a poor system of stakeholder participation. In light of the principles of IRBM and the situation of the region, corresponding measures are put forward, including an increase of power given to sub-district offices, fewer but more feasible plans, capacity building among stakeholders, a combination of planning and marketing for overcoming financial inadequacy, and profound reform in the public participation system. The framework and institutional suggestions could inform similar processes in other representative river basins.

关键词： integrated river basin management (IRBM) model     Longgang River basin     Shenzhen     decentralization     stakeholder participation    

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Problems of Syrdarya river basin management

Serdar EYEBERENOV, Baijing CAO, Fengting LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 221-225 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0015-6

摘要： Prior to independence, Central Asian countries were closely interconnected through the regional management incorporating water, energy, and food sectors. This approach, supported by the central government of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), functioned effectively – meeting the needs of both upstream and downstream countries. However, after independence, Central Asian countries started prioritizing their own economic development policies without due account to regional concerns such as joint use of water resources, leading to instability. In this study, the case of Syrdarya basin was investigated to show how such strategies create tension in the region, since primary focus is given to national interests, without consideration for regional problems. To address this issue, an integrated approach to incorporating water, energy, and agriculture is needed. It is suggested that a single sector approach on water alone does not lead to stability, and a multi-sectoral approach is necessary to ensure sustainable development. Countries sharing benefits from the river have to be responsible for costs of operation and maintenance of the water facilities.

关键词： Central Asia     energy     agriculture     water     Syrdarya basin    

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Scenario analysis of water pollution control in the typical peri-urban river using a coupled hydrodynamic-water

Haifeng JIA, Shuo WANG, Mingjie WEI, Yansong ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 255-265 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0279-x

摘要： The water quality pollution and ecological deterioration in peri-urban rivers are usually serious under rapid urbanization and economic growth. In the study, a typical peri-urban river, Nansha River, was selected as a case study to discuss the scheme of peri-urban river rehabilitation. Located in the north part of the Beijing central region, the Nansha River watershed has been designated as an ecologically friendly garden-style area with high-tech industry parks and upscale residential zones. However, the Nansha River is currently seriously contaminated by urban and rural pollutants from both nonpoint sources (NPS) and point sources (PS). In this study, the pollutant loads from point sources and nonpoint sources in the Nansha River watershed were first assessed. A coupled model, derived from the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code and Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program, was developed to simulate the hydrodynamics and water quality in the Nansha River. According to the characteristics of the typical peri-urban river, three different PS and NPS control scenarios were designed and examined by modeling analyses. Based on the results of the scenario analysis, a river rehabilitation scheme was recommended for implementation.

关键词： peri-urban river     coupled hydrodynamic-water quality modeling     scenario analysis     river rehabilitation    

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standard of the basin pollution control project based on evolutionary game theory and by taking Xiangjiang River

Dongbin HU, Huiwu LIU, Xiaohong CHEN, Yang CHEN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 575-583 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0044-1

摘要： Ecological compensation is a new resource and environment management model. As one of the main areas for implementing ecological compensation policies, basin ecological compensation has become an important measure for encouraging basin pollution control projects and improving the quality of regional economic development. By applying the basic game analysis of evolutionary game theory and building an evolutionary game model with a “reward–punishment” mechanism, this paper compares the interest-related decision-making behaviors of the upstream and downstream stakeholders of basin ecological compensation. By using data on the water quality of Xiangjiang River Basin, this paper calculates the rewards and penalties in different intervals by building a parametric regression mathematical model and employing the local linear regression method. Results show that a decline in water quality should be fined RMB 925500 yuan, an improvement in water quality should be awarded RMB 1227800 yuan, and a deteriorating water quality should be severely fined RMB 5087600 yuan.

关键词： evolutionary game     ecological compensation standard     Xiangjiang River Basin    

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A holistic approach for evaluating ecological water allocation in the Yellow River Basin of China

YANG Zhifeng, CUI Baoshan, CHEN He

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 99-106 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0019-z

摘要： The characteristics and sustainable management of water resources on a basin scale require that they should be managed using a holistic approach. In this study, a holistic methodology called the holistic approach in a basin scale (HABS) is proposed to determine the ecological water requirements of a whole basin. There are three principles in HABS. First, ecological water requirements in a basin scale indicate not only the coupling of hydrological and ecological systems, but also the exchange of matter and energy between each ecological type through all kinds of physical geography processes. Second, ecological water requirements can be divided into different types according to their functions, and water requirements of different types are compatible. Third, ecological water requirements are related to a multiple system including water quality, water quantity, and time and space, which interact with each other. The holistic approach in a basin scale was then used in the Yellow River Basin and it suggested that 265.0 × 10 m of water, 45% of the total surface water resources, should be allocated to ecological systems, such as rivers, lakes, wetlands and cities, to sustain its function and health. The ecological water requirements of inside river systems and outside river systems were respectively 261.0 × 10 and 3.65 × 10 m.
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Factors influencing water quality indices in a typical urban river originated with reclaimed water

Jiao Zhang, Zhen Wei, Haifeng Jia, Xia Huang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0943-5

摘要： The water quality in a typical urban river segment originated with reclaimed water in Beijing was monitored for two years to investigate the evolution of water quality along the river, and statistical analysis was applied to determine factors influencing water quality of such river recharged by reclaimed water. It was found that no significant change in pollutant concentrations (including COD, NH -N, TN and TP) was observed during this time, and their average values were close to those of the original reclaimed water. However, turbidity and algal contents fluctuated temporally in the direction of river flow. Statistical analysis showed that turbidity was strongly positively correlated with algal contents for flow rate<0.1 m·s , whereas it was strongly positively correlated with both algal contents and TOC for flow rate>0.1 m·s . It was observed that diatom was the absolute predominant phyla with as the major species. In terms of algal bloom control, the specific growth rate of algae was strongly correlated to temperature, and was influenced by flow rate as well. Compared with two other rivers originated with reclaimed water and one originated with natural water, the Shannon–Wiener index in the objective river was the lowest, with values between 0.7 and 1.6, indicating a high risk for algal bloom. Statistics showed that Shannon–Wiener index was strongly negatively correlated to nutrient salts and cations.

关键词： Reclaimed water     Urban river     Turbidity     Algae     Flow rate    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Analysis and assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface water and sediments: a case study from LuanRiver, Northern China

Zhaoming WANG,Ranhao SUN,Haiping ZHANG,Liding CHEN

期刊论文

南京长江第四大桥猫道结构设计与施工

栾昌花,沈斌

期刊论文

Speciation evolutions of target metals (Cd, Pb) influenced by chlorine and sulfur during sewage sludge incineration

Jingde LUAN,Rundong LI,Zhihui ZHANG,Yanlong LI,Yun ZHAO

期刊论文

Flexible liquid metal coil prepared for electromagnetic energy harvesting and wireless charging

Shen GUO, Peng WANG, Jichuan ZHANG, Wenpeng LUAN, Zishuo XIA, Lingxiao CAO, Zhizhu HE

期刊论文

Computation model for corrosion resistance of nanocrystalline zircaloy-4

ZHANG Xiyan, ZHU Yutao, LIU Qing, LUAN Baifeng, HUANG Guangjie, LI Cong, ZHANG Xiyan, SHI Minghua, LIU

期刊论文

Multi-scale evaluation of river health in Liao River Basin, China

Fei XU, Yanwei ZHAO, Zhifeng YANG, Yuan ZHANG

期刊论文

通过介导相分离制备的纳米结构W-Cu基复合材料的性能

侯超, 吕皓, 赵治, Xintao Huang, 韩铁龙, Junhua Luan, Zengbao Jiao, 宋晓艳, Zuoren Nie

期刊论文

Spatial impacts of climate factors on regional agricultural and forestry biomass resources in north-eastern province of China

Wenyan Wang, Wei Ouyang, Fanghua Hao, Yun Luan, Bo Hu

期刊论文

Multiple Pollutants from Crop and Livestock Production in the Yangtze River: Status and Challenges

期刊论文

Integrated river basin management in rapidly urbanizing areas: a case of Shenzhen, China

Lei LIU, Xiaoming MA

期刊论文

Problems of Syrdarya river basin management

Serdar EYEBERENOV, Baijing CAO, Fengting LI

期刊论文

Scenario analysis of water pollution control in the typical peri-urban river using a coupled hydrodynamic-water

Haifeng JIA, Shuo WANG, Mingjie WEI, Yansong ZHANG

期刊论文

standard of the basin pollution control project based on evolutionary game theory and by taking Xiangjiang River

Dongbin HU, Huiwu LIU, Xiaohong CHEN, Yang CHEN

期刊论文

A holistic approach for evaluating ecological water allocation in the Yellow River Basin of China

YANG Zhifeng, CUI Baoshan, CHEN He

期刊论文

Factors influencing water quality indices in a typical urban river originated with reclaimed water

Jiao Zhang, Zhen Wei, Haifeng Jia, Xia Huang

期刊论文